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Formerly occurred in desert and semidesert areas from Western Sahara and Mauritania to Egypt and Sudan. The current range reduced to desert regions in Northeastern Niger, North Central Chad, Northwestern Mali, Eastern Mauritania, Southern Libya, and Northwestern Sudan. The addax is not restricted to areas with free water, and is usually found within the desert or the surrounding stony country. The addax is a sandy to almost white color during the summer, darkening to a grayish brown in the winter. White

Monachus monachus Mediterranean monk seal

Monachus monachus, also known as the Mediterranean Monk Seal, is found around the Mediterranean Sea region and the Northwest African Coast. There are populations that are located in Mauritania/Western Sahara, Greece, and Turkey. Small numbers have also been seen in Morocco, Algeria, Libya, the Portuguese Desertas Islands, Croatia, and Cyprus. Mediterranean monk seals are usually found along coastal waters, especially on the coastlines of islands. They are sometimes found in caves with submarine entrances

Atelerix algirus north African hedgehog

North African hedgehogs are native to the northern regions of Africa from Morocco to Libya. They have also been introduced to nearby areas, including the southern, mountainous regions of Spain, France, and the islands off the coast of Africa, such as the Canary Islands and the Balearics. Introduced populations in France are now extinct. North African hedgehogs prefer arid climates, but are found in a broad range of habitats including dry Mediterranean scrub, grasslands, pastures, cultivated fields, semi

Meriones crassus Sundevall's jird

Extends fromnorthwest Africa above 20 degrees north, through the Middle East and into Central Asia (Koffler, 1972). Parts of Egypt, Libya, northern Tunisia, northern Algeria, and northern Morocco are not inhabited by the species. They live in sandy soil in hot and dry environments (Koffler, 1972). Burrow locations are not necessarily dependent on vegetation proximity. They have been found in rocky environments as well. They live in complex burrows, sometimes with multiple exits and several chambers

Meriones libycus Libyan jird

Meriones libycus is spread widely across the Middle East and Northern Africa. In Africa they are found mainly in Libya and Egypt, while in Asia they spread as far west as Afghanistan and also into the northern parts of Iran. (van Veen 1999, Nowak 1999, Barker 1999) Meriones libycus lives in the low lying areas of the desert Middle east. The are mainly restricted to the valleys and lowlands and rarely venture into areas of higher elevation. They often make their homes in areas where there is a large amount

Spalacidae blind mole rats, African mole rats, zokors, and bamboo rats

The family Spalacidae is a diverse old world group of fossorial and semi-fossorial rodents. This family consists of 36 species in 6 genera distributed among four subfamilies: the Myospalacinae, the Rhizomyinae, the Spalacinae, and the Tachyoryctinae. Spalacids are old world rodents. They range from the Ukraine through the Balkans and the eastern Mediterranean, into Africa as far west as Libya and as far south as northern Tanzania, and in Asia from western China south to Sumatra and north to southern Siberia

Eliomys munbyanus Maghreb garden dormouse

Eliomys munbyanus has been found throughout Africa, including populations in Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and the Western Sahara. Many populations have been found in these areas north of the Atlas Mountains. Eliomys munbyanus individuals live in a variety of terrestrial habitats. They are a mostly arboreal species that has been found in semi-desert/desert, pine forest, mountain cedar forest, rocky areas, and humid forest habitats. They also live in roofs of houses, alcoves, and attics. These dormice

Massoutiera mzabi Mzab gundi

Sahara gundis occupy the central Sahara Desert in Algeria, northern Niger, northwestern Chad, northeastern Mali, and southwestern Libya. (Dieterlen, 1993) Sahara gundis are found mainly in crevices and natural cracks in rocks and/or mountains. They can be found at elevations up to 2400 meters above sea level in desert and semi-desert habitats.Ideal living sites provide a permanent or temporary shelter, and often allow for easy access to direct sunlight for daily sunbathing.Sahara gundis do not dig their own

Ctenodactylus gundi gundi

Ctenodactylus gundi, the North African gundi, can be found in Southeastern Morocco, Northern Algeria, Tunisia and Libya (Macdonald, 1984; Walker, 1975). The North African gundi is found in deserts with arid rock outcrops. Its habitat may also include a rocky slope on a hill or mountain (Macdonald, 1984; Walker, 1975). The North African gundi ranges in size from 16-20cm for its head body length. It has a tiny tail, a mere whisp of hairs that is about 10 to 20mm long.Gundis have very short legs, flat ears

Gazella dorcas dorcas gazelle

Gazella dorcas is found in the northern Ethiopian biogeographic region and the southwestern Palearctic region. These gazelles inhabit parts of northern Africa, and the Sahara and Negev deserts including: Morocco, Rio de Oro, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Chad, Somalia, Ethiopia and parts of Israel and Sinai in the Middle East. Gazella dorcas is the best equipped member of the genus Gazella to inhabit dry areas. They are found in a variety of habitats: savannahs, semi-deserts, small sand dune fields, consolidated

Nyctalus leisleri lesser noctule

Nyctalus leisleri occurs throughout much of Europe and the Middle East. It ranges from the Mediterranean Sea north to Ireland, England, and central Scandinavia and from Portugal east to the Caspian Sea, western Russia and Iran. It is also known in Algeria and Libya in north Africa along the Mediterranean. Throughout its range it is relatively rare except in Ireland, where it is the third most common bat species. Leisler's bats inhabit open deciduous and coniferous forests throughout most of their range

Pachyuromys duprasi fat-tailed gerbil

The natural distribution of fat-tailed gerbils, Pachyuromys duprasi, is the northern portion of desert west of the Nile Delta in Egypt. This rodent also extends into Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria. Fat-tailed gerbils are found in sand sheets that are graced with vegetation. They occur south of the western Mediterranean coastal desert, sometimes in rocky deserts. Often their habitat is compared to what Ranck (1968) describes as "transitional deserts which run roughly parallel to the more lush coastal plains

Milvus milvus red kite

Milvus milvus is endemic to the western Palearctic region in Europe and northwest Africa. Formerly, these birds of prey also occurred in northern Iran. They are rare kites that are resident in western Europe and northwest Africa. Red kites from northeastern and central Europe migrate further south and west, reaching south to Turkey for the winter season. Vagrant birds have been recorded as far north as Finland and south in Israel and Libya. Red kites are a wide-ranging species with a wide habitat tolerance

Elephantulus rozeti North African elephant-shrew; North African sengi

Elephantulus rozeti is the only elephant-shrew, or sengi, (Macroscelidea) species that resides north of the Sahara. North African elephant-shrews occur in two disjunct populations: the first in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia and the second in Libya. North African elephant-shrews occur in semi-arid savanna, bushland, shrubland, and woodland. North African elephant-shrews are roughly rodent-like in appearance, with a small body, large ears, and long tails. They weigh about 50g (very light compare to other genera

Spalax ehrenbergi Middle East blind mole rat; Palestine mole rat

Spalax ehrenbergi is widely distributed in the eastern Mediterranean region, from northeastern Libya through Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and southern Turkey. Within this region, these mole rats are found in fragmented areas with appropriate soils for burrowing. Though Middle East blind mole rats are not found in desert areas, they seem to prefer habitats with sandy and loamy soils. They are strictly fossorial and inhabit dry steppes, semi-desert, and agricultural areas, especially cultivated fields. They spend

Spalacinae blind mole-rats

Eurasian or Ukrainian blind mole-rats, the Spalacinae, comprise a relatively small subfamily of Old-World fossorial muroid rodents. There are 13 species in 1 genus, Spalax. The range of Spalacinae extends around the eastern portion of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, from the Balkans through Ukraine, Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, and into Egypt and Libya. Spalacines live in moderately dense sandy or loamy soils that receive more than 100 mm of annual rainfall. They range from below sea level to above 2

Arvicolinae lemmings and voles

Arvicolinae is a large subfamily of cricetid rodents that are fairly uniform in appearance but diverse in their habits. There are 151 species in this family, in 28 genera. The genera are divided among 10 tribes. The subfamily Arvicolinae has a Holarctic distribution. Arvicolines are found throughout North America from Guatemala northward, throughout Eurasia, in Japan, Taiwan, southwestern China, northern India, the Middle East including Asia Minor, and in Africa to Libya. Arvicolines inhabit a wide range of

Jaculus orientalis greater Egyptian jerboa

Jaculus orientalis (greater Egyptian jerboa) can be found across North Africa in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. The species is especially common in Egypt and extends east through Sinai and into southern parts of Israel; formerly, the species inhabitated areas of Saudi Arabia. Jaculus orientalis lives in humid coastal and salt semi-deserts and in subtropical shrubland, including rocky valleys and meadows. They are also found in barley fields of the semi-nomadic Bedouin tribes. Jaculus

Chelonia mydas Green Turtle

Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are a cosmopolitan species found in tropical and subtropical waters. During the months that this species breeds (June through August), green sea turtles are most frequently found nesting on the coastlines of Cyprus and Turkey. They are also observed nesting on the beaches of Israel, Syria, Egypt and Libya. Overall, green turtles are known to settle on the beaches of over 140 countries. Radio tagging nesting females shows that green turtles are migratory, and their non

Cygnus columbianus tundra swan

Kyrgyzstan, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Portugal, Spain, United Arab Emirates, and the Virgin Islands. They are native to Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Canada, Croatia, Cuba, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, India, Italy, Israel, Japan, Libya, Mexico, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Puerto Rico, Russia, Serbia, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, and the United States. Tundra swans inhabit freshwater lakes, pools